• The first hint that GLP might

  2021-05-05

  

  The first hint that GLP-1 might not be completely stable came from a meeting abstract in 1992, reporting that GLP-1 could be degraded in plasma incubations [16], although the enzyme(s) involved was not identified. A year later, Mentlein and colleagues [17], in a search for peptide substrates of the

• Diabetic retinopathy is a chronic inflammatory disease Local

  2021-05-05

  

  Diabetic retinopathy is a chronic inflammatory disease. Local inflammation plays a pivotal role in the pathological development and progression of this disease [24]. In addition to TNF-α, several other cytokines, chemokines, and other factors such as IL-1β, IL-6, and C-reactive protein have been ind

• Introduction Mycobacterium leprae the causative agent of lep

  2021-05-05

  

  Introduction Mycobacterium leprae, the causative agent of leprosy, affects skin, peripheral nerves and upper respiratory tract [1]. Although leprosy has been eradicated from most of the countries, it still affects approximately a quarter of a million people from India [2]. Details of many bacterio

• Furthermore down regulation of Cpt a ApoE Fasn

  2021-05-05

  

  Furthermore, down-regulation of Cpt1a, ApoE, Fasn, Pxr, and Srebp-1 genes indicates a down-regulation of lipid metabolism associated genes while Fatp1 is up-regulated and indicates an increase in fatty Bioactive Compound Library transport genes involved in accumulation [84,85]. These changes in gen

• br Materials and methods br Results

  2021-05-05

  

  Materials and methods Results and discussion In the present work, we have applied two methodologies, CoMFA and CoMSIA to build 3D-QSAR models. There is no crystal structure available; therefore, an indirect method i.e., a ligand-based approach is the method of choice. The highly active molecul

• Introduction The physiological significance of hypoxia is

  2021-04-30

  

  Introduction The physiological significance of hypoxia is undisputed, although largely over looked in the cancer therapeutics field focused on DNA-damage induced by ionizing radiation or drug treatment. Regions of hypoxia occur during a range of diverse biological situations including embryogenesis

• Furthermore the determination of downstream target

  2021-04-30

  

  Furthermore, the determination of downstream target genes induced by CdCl2 is noteworthy and can help to define its underlying carcinogenesis mechanism. Therefore, we evaluated c-fos and c-jun expression which are stimulated by estrogen through ERK/MAPK pathway. These are not only proto-oncogenes wh

• Interestingly anti inflammatory actions for

  2021-04-30

  

  Interestingly, anti-inflammatory actions for sPLA2-V were also described in mice a few years ago in a model of autoimmune complex mediated arthritis [148]. A novel mechanism was delineated, whereby sPLA2-V promotes phagocytosis of immune complexes by macrophages to ameliorate inflammation in autoimm

• Likewise the conserved cysteine in the E

  2021-04-30

  

  Likewise, the conserved cysteine in the E2 protein is the only residue shown to be essential for the transfer of Ub/Ubl from E2 to the HECT ligases (Dye and Schulman, 2007, Wu et al., 2003). However, all other terminal Ub/Ubl transfer reactions involving E2 enzymes suggest a critical role for the ta

• Why then is leading strand DNA synthesis reduced relative to

  2021-04-30

  

  Why then is leading-strand DNA synthesis reduced relative to lagging-strand synthesis in rad53-1 mutant cmv under replication stress? To gain insight into this question, we first determined whether the firing of late origins in rad53-1 mutant cells contributes to compromised leading-strand synthesi

• In the past few years DNA templated fluorescent metal

  2021-04-30

  

  In the past few years, DNA-templated fluorescent metal nanoparticles have been developed as ideal alternatives to organic dyes due to their facile synthetic process, outstanding optical properties, ultrafine size, and fine biological compatibility. Since the first successful demonstration of DNA-tem

• DGK is not the only DGK isoform that has

  2021-04-30

  

  DGKε is not the only DGK isoform that has been associated with p53. It has been shown that DGKζ binds to p53 and modulates its activity in both the cytoplasm and the nucleus [39]. In the cytosol DGKζ promotes the degradation of p53 through the ubiquitin-proteosome system [39], also a likely mechanis

• br Introduction Plasmodium falciparum malaria continues to b

  2021-04-30

  

  Introduction Plasmodium falciparum malaria continues to be a major global cause of mortality and morbidity. Malaria treatment and control has been complicated by the emergence of resistance to widespread antimalarial drug use. The most common method for measuring antimalarial resistance is estima

• Our observation that FAK is downregulated in vascular smooth

  2021-04-30

  

  Our observation that FAK is downregulated in vascular smooth muscle Prote on fibrillar collagen confirms observations reported for other cell types [14]. However, unlike the results reported previously [14], our work suggests that matrix rigidity per se does not determine FAK downregulation. This c

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion Our

  2021-04-30

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Our study assessed the cytokine and chemokine changes associated with first onset PP as compared to HP and HNP groups. In the monocytes/ macrophages/ dendritic 2 deoxyglucose panel, IL-6 levels were found to be significantly elevated in both HP and

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