• Free fatty acid receptor FFAR also known

  2022-01-03

  

  Free fatty L-Cysteinesulfinic acid receptor 1 (FFAR1, also known as GPR40) belongs to the family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and was de-orphanized in 2003 as a receptor for medium-to long-chain free fatty acids (FFAs) [9,10]. Mainly expressed in beta cells of pancreatic islets, GPR40 can

• Such responses have led to the idea that elasmobranchs

  2022-01-03

  

  Such responses have led to the idea that elasmobranchs may be glucose intolerant. However, certain species, such as the North Pacific spiny dogfish (Squalus suckleyi; note that the species used in this study was previously referred to as Squalus acanthias but a study by Ebert et al. (2010) provided

• Based on the previous report that FXR

  2022-01-03

  

  Based on the previous report that FXR regulated PEPCK indirectly [20], we speculated that FXR may regulate gluconeogenesis by regulating some key transcription factors associated with gluconeogenesis. Finally, by using HS218 as a probe, we found that FXR binds to PGC-1α promoter and directly regulat

• Akt mTOR signaling pathway is a major

  2022-01-03

  

  Akt/mTOR signaling pathway is a major negative regulator of autophagy, via modulating ULK1 complex. It is well established that Inhibition of mTOR by deprivation of nutrients or growth factors, led to dephosphorylation of ULK1, ULK2, and Atg13 in human cells, which is a key step for ULK1 complex ass

• Interestingly the subcellular localization of FBPase in hepa

  2022-01-03

  

  Interestingly, the subcellular localization of FBPase in hepatocytes and proximal tubule ro3 reveals that FBPase is also able to translocate to the nucleus in these cell types. The nuclear localization of muscle-FBPase was recently reported [35]. This data corroborate our results on the ability of

• This crosstalk may be responsible for the beneficial

  2022-01-03

  

  This crosstalk may be responsible for the beneficial effects of histamine H2 receptor inverse agonists on fty pathologies and may also explain unwanted effects of these drugs on other tissues. In this way, Allen et al. reported an anaphylactoid reaction following cessation of high-dose ranitidine i

• br Conclusion br Acknowledgement br Introduction Biogenic am

  2022-01-03

  

  Conclusion Acknowledgement Introduction Biogenic amine histamine is synthesized from L-histidine by histidine decarboxylase (HDC). Histamine is involved in a wide variety of pathological and physiological processes including allergic reactions, inflammation, immune responses, gastric secret

• Benzene metabolism occurs primarily in the liver where

  2022-01-03

  

  Benzene metabolism occurs primarily in the liver where benzene is converted into phenol, catechol, hydroquinone (HQ). HQ is further converted to 1,4-benzoquinone (1,4-BQ) in the bone marrow which is the primary organ of benzene toxicity (Bolton et al., 2000). 1,4-BQ is an important benzene metabolit

• tandospirone Based on pharmacophore modeling a

  2022-01-03

  

  Based on pharmacophore modeling, a good HDAC inhibitor has at least three sides/regions: the attachment side of the Zn2+ cofactor/HDAC active site (Zn2+ binding group/ZBG), hydrophobic cap (CAP) and linker containing connecting unit (CU) with electronegative groups (Mohan et al., 2011, Rossi et al.,

• Physcion Transcriptional elongation is a checkpoint for prod

  2021-12-31

  

  Transcriptional elongation is a checkpoint for productive transcription. In ESCs, ∼50% of the genes enriched for H3K4me3 are initially transcribed but do not enter productive elongation (Guenther et al., 2007, Rahl et al., 2010). Following promoter escape, the transcriptional elongating protein comp

• br Manganese based imaging probes br Imaging of vesicular

  2021-12-31

  

  Manganese-based imaging probes Imaging of vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) Imaging of sulfonylurea receptor 1 (SUR1) In mammals, insulin secretion is mediated by the membrane potential of pancreatic β-cells. Increases in glucose levels lead to blocking of ATP-sensitive potassium ch

• br Acknowledgments br Introduction Obesity

  2021-12-31

  

  Acknowledgments Introduction Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are two major chronic non-communicable diseases that are increasing worldwide at an alarming rate; the majority of people with T2D are overweight or obese, and T2D associated with obesity is expected to have doubled by 2030 (Chen e

• br Results and discussion br Conclusion In summary

  2021-12-31

  

  Results and discussion Conclusion In summary, starting from our previous lead Costunolide 1, we replaced the 5-nitropyrimidine core with pyrimidopyrimidine to obtain a series of novel compounds as drug candidates of GPR119 agonist for treatment of type 2 diabetes. Some derivatives showed good

• In women with stage I II endometriosis no

  2021-12-31

  

  In women with stage I–II endometriosis [17], no difference in the implantation rate per embryo or in the clinical pregnancy rate per transfer was noted between GnRH-agonist and GnRH-antagonist protocol (18.2% vs. 15.4%, P=0.9 and 31.2% vs. 30%, P=1, respectively). It has been suggested that either

• Pregnancy per AI results at days post

  2021-12-31

  

  Pregnancy per AI results at 32 days post TAI tended to differ among GnRH products and was greater for FER and CYS than FAC according to the Tukey-grouping analysis statistical approach (Table 1). In addition, P/AI was greater for cows treated with gonadorelin diacetate products than for cows treated

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