• Our analysis demonstrated that ADA is a transpicuous and rap

  2024-10-12

  

  Our analysis demonstrated that ADA is a transpicuous and rapid test with high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of TBM decidedly. The summary sensitivity and specificity were 0.89 and 0.91 respectively, indicating a sufficient level for overall diagnostic accuracy. The modality of SROC curve

• It is interesting that Li et al

  2024-10-12

  

  It is interesting that Li et al. (2008) reported that AChR-immunized FcγRIIB knock out (KO) mice are significantly resistant to antibody-mediated EAMG. This is in contrast with previous studies, but does not contradict the results presented here. Despite their observation that the incidence and seve

• br Introduction Fungi are an inexhaustible source of natural

  2024-10-12

  

  Introduction Fungi are an inexhaustible source of natural products mainly due to their wide distribution in the nature, estimated to range from 1.5 to 5.1 million species in the world [1]. Secondary metabolites from fungi represent a substantial fraction of drugs and drug models in pharmaceutical

• Additional evidence for a putative role of COXs and LOX

  2024-10-12

  

  Additional evidence for a putative role of COXs and 5-LOX in AD derives from pharmacological studies using inhibitors of these enzymes (for review, see Firuzi and Praticò, 2006). In addition to helping delineate the pathobiological mechanisms of AD, these results raise hope for discovering novel the

• herpes simplex virus type 1 Signaling through Axl can lead t

  2024-10-12

  

  Signaling through Axl can lead to activation of the PI3K/Akt and Ras/MAPK pathways which promote cellular phenotypes (e.g., transformation, migration) consistent with pro-survival and pro-metastatic effects., , Inhibition of Axl activity by a variety of approaches (including pharmacologic, dominant

• ATM is required for the proper function of the

  2024-10-12

  

  ATM is required for the proper function of the DNA-repair pathway in response to bleomycin-induced DNA damage in mammalian cells [55], [56]. Recent reports suggest that ATM activation by double-strand breaks leads to the subsequent ATR activation [57], [58], [59]. The recruitment of ATR to double-st

• br Author contribution br Acknowledgement br

  2024-10-12

  

  Author contribution Acknowledgement Introduction Since the initial finding of Gould et al. [1], showing the loss of dendritic spines in the hippocampus after ovariectomy and its rescue after treatment of the animals with estradiol, a tremendous number of studies have demonstrated a role of

• Autophagy is a self protecting cellular catabolic pathway th

  2024-10-12

  

  Autophagy is a self-protecting cellular catabolic pathway that degrades and recycles cytoplasmic contents for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis (Shao et al., 2016b). Macrophage autophagy plays an essential role in atherosclerosis by safeguarding Pirinixic Acid against oxidative stress, reducin

• GSK461364 Using the same techniques we found that UCP also

  2024-10-12

  

  Using the same techniques, we found that UCP3 also has a half-life of between 1 and 4h [117]. In GSK461364 to UCP2 and UCP3, UCP1 and ANT had much longer half-lives and could not be degraded in the cell-free reconstituted system, suggesting their degradation is not mediated by the cytosolic proteas

• 2-Deoxycytidine Previous studies demonstrate that chiral bio

  2024-10-12

  

  Previous studies demonstrate that chiral biointerface has great influence on cells adhesion and proteins adsorption [39], [40], [41], [42], [43], which inspired us to further develop antimicrobial materials or surfaces by taking advantage of the “chiral taste” of microbes. L-borneol is a hydrophobic

• Angiogenesis refers to the formation of new blood vessels

  2024-10-12

  

  Angiogenesis refers to the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing vasculature [1]. Physiological angiogenesis is necessary for key processes such as wound healing, tissue regeneration and repair. In pathological conditions, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer, and other pat

• br Competing interests br Acknowledgments This

  2024-10-11

  

  Competing interests Acknowledgments This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT (NRF-2014R1A4A1071040). Introduction Mitochondria occupy an important position as mediators of

• Akt is another upstream kinase

  2024-10-11

  

  Akt is another upstream kinase known to phosphorylate AMPK Ser489 in response to high insulin levels [7], [21]. HepG2 HATU show an increase in phosphorylation of AMPK at Ser485 when incubated with either insulin or troglitazone individually (Fig. 5A and C). Despite this concurrent increase, only ce

• Introduction AMP activated protein kinase AMPK is mainly kno

  2024-10-11

  

  Introduction AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is mainly known as a highly conserved and ubiquitously expressed energy sensor that is highly sensitive to changes in cellular energy levels (by sensing increases in AMP:ATP and ADP:ATP ratios) and makes appropriate adjustment to balance the consumpt

• The specific mechanisms underlying glutamine dependency are

  2024-10-11

  

  The specific mechanisms underlying glutamine dependency are still being explored, and current research indicates that the mechanisms likely vary between breast cancer subtypes. In HER2-positive breast cancer, increased levels of the transcriptional activator PGC-1α lead to expression of genes that m

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